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The Handmade Rug-Making Process

Each handmade rug is the result of skilled craftsmanship and timeless tradition. Below is the step-by-step journey from raw wool to a finished masterpiece:

The Handmade Rug-Making Process

Each handmade rug is the result of skilled craftsmanship and timeless tradition. Below is the step-by-step journey from raw wool to a finished masterpiece:

1. Spinning & Carding the Wool

The journey begins with carding the raw wool to untangle and align the fibers. The wool is then hand-spun into yarn, giving it a natural texture and character that modern machines cannot replicate.

2. Dyeing the Wool

Once spun, the wool is dyed using natural or synthetic dyes, depending on tradition and design. This step requires careful control to achieve the desired depth and consistency of color. The dyed yarns are sun-dried to lock in their rich hues.

3. Weaving the Rug

This is the most time-consuming and intricate step. Skilled artisans tie thousands—sometimes millions—of individual knots by hand on a loom, forming the detailed patterns and textures that define each rug.

4. Washing the Rug

After weaving, the rug is thoroughly washed. This cleans the fibers, softens the pile, and brings out the brilliance of the dyed colors. It’s then laid flat to dry naturally.
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5. Stretching the Rug

The rug is carefully stretched to achieve its proper shape and alignment. This step corrects any distortions and ensures a smooth, balanced finish.

6. Binding the Edges

To enhance durability and maintain a clean edge, the sides of the rug are meticulously hand-bound. This prevents fraying and preserves the rug’s structural integrity over time

7. Shearing the Pile

Skilled artisans use precision shears to trim the pile evenly across the surface. This process levels the rug, refines the design details, and gives it a smooth, polished appearance.

8. Final Inspection

Each rug undergoes a thorough final inspection. Artisans carefully examine the quality, finish, and consistency to ensure it meets the highest standards before it’s ready for its new home.
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HAND – Knotted Rug

🧵 What is a Hand-Knotted Rug?

Hand-knotted rugs are the most traditional and labor-intensive type of rug, crafted entirely by hand on a loom. Skilled artisans tie each individual knot—one at a time—often taking months to complete a single piece. The result is more than just a floor covering: it’s a unique work of art, known for its durability, intricate detail, and unmatched craftsmanship.

Unlike machine-made or tufted rugs, hand-knotted rugs contain no glue or fabric backing. Their structure is formed solely by interweaving warp and weft threads, with each knot tied onto the warp row by row.

🛠 How Are Hand-Knotted Rugs Made?

Loom Setup

Vertical threads (warp) are tightly stretched across the loom to form the rug’s foundation.

Knotting

One by one, strands of wool, silk, or other fibers are meticulously knotted onto the warp threads. These knots create the visible pile of the rug.

Weft Insertion

After each row of knots, horizontal threads (weft) are woven through to secure the knots in place.

Beating

The knots are beaten down using a comb-like tool to ensure a tight and compact weave.

Finishing

The rug is then trimmed, washed, stretched, and carefully inspected to achieve its final polished look.
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✨ Types of Hand-Knotted Rugs by Technique

While the basic loom setup remains the same, the knotting
technique varies by region and tradition, resulting in unique
patterns, textures, and strength.
1. Persian (Senneh) Knot
Also Known As: Asymmetrical knot

Technique:

The yarn is wrapped around one warp thread and
passed under the next warp, creating a more delicate and
detailed design.

Common in:

Iran, India (Indo-Persian rugs), and parts of
Central Asia

Advantages:

Allows for more precise curves and intricate
patterns

Look & Feel:

Soft, flowing designs with high knot density

2. Turkish (Ghiordes) Knot
Also Known As: Symmetrical knot

Technique:

The yarn is wrapped around two warp thread
evenly and pulled through the center.

Common in:

Turkey, the Caucasus, parts of Iran and Central Asia

Advantages:

Stronger and more durable; ideal for geometric
patterns

Look & Feel:

Crisp, bold designs with a slightly thicker pile

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